In Phase Five, children will learn more graphemes and phonemes. For example, they already know ai as in rain, but now they will be introduced to ay as in day and a-e as in make. Alternative pronunciations for graphemes will also be introduced, e.g. ea in tea, head and break.

ay (day) ou (out) ie (tie) ea (east) oy (boy) ir (girl) ue (blue) aw (saw) wh (when) ph (photo) ew (new) oe (toe) au (Paul)

Split digraphs a-e (make) e-e (these) i-e (like) o-e (home) u-e (rule)

New pronunciations for known graphemes: i (fin, find), o (hot, cold), c (cat, cent), g (got, giant), u (but, put (in south of England), ow (cow, blow), ie (tie, field), ea (eat, bread), er (farmer, her), a (hat, what), y (yes, by, very), ch (chin, school, chef), ou (out, shoulder, could, you)

Alternative spellings for phonemes: 

Tricky words

During Phase 5, the following tricky words (which can't yet be decoded) are introduced:

• oh
• their
• people
• Mr
• Mrs
• looked
• called
• asked
• could